Second, we argue that social factors such as socioeconomic status and social support are likely “fundamental causes” of disease that, because they embody access to important resources, affect multiple disease outcomes through multiple mechanisms, and consequently maintain an association with disease even when

What is an example of a fundamental cause?

Not all fundamental causes are systems of exposure that only vary between populations. In the landmark paper that introduced Fundamental Cause Theory, Link and Phelan list job loss, crime victimization, and death of a loved one, along with socioeconomic status as examples of fundamental causes (Link and Phelan 1995).

What is a fundamental cause of health disparities?

SES is a fundamental cause of health inequalities because it demonstrates four essential features: 1) SES influences multiple disease outcomes; 2) SES is tied to multiple risk factors for disease and death; 3) there is an association between SES and health because of a disparity in resources; and 4) new factors that

Who created fundamental cause theory?

Link and Phelan (1995) developed the theory of fundamental causes to explain why the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and mortality has persisted despite radical changes in the diseases and risk factors that are presumed to explain it.

Is gender a fundamental cause?

As noted in the introduction, we thus use gender as a documented fundamental social cause of health inequality in this study to ascertain (1) the role it plays in both mental and physical health, and (2) the influence of gender on the mental–physical health link that suggests distinct pathways whereby mental health is

What are the sources of health inequities in our communities and nation?

The report describes nine determinants of health that are drivers of health inequities: income and wealth, housing, health systems and services, employment, education, transportation, social environment, public safety, and physical environment.

What epidemiology means?

By definition, epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).

What do sociologists mean when they argue that social factors are fundamental causes of health and illness?

Second, we argue that social factors such as socioeconomic status and social support are likely “fundamental causes” of disease that, because they embody access to important resources, affect multiple disease outcomes through multiple mechanisms, and consequently maintain an association with disease even when

What are examples of social conditions?

Examples of social conditions include poverty, quality of housing, homelessness, educational attainment and quality, unemployment, wage levels, lack of control over the organization of work, racial residential segregation, and other forms of discrimination. Equity means justice.

What is fundamental cause in Homoeopathy?

Psora, Syphilis and Sycosis are the three fundamental causes of all chronic diseases that afflict the human race as discovered by Dr. Hahnemann. He called them miasm.

What does the medical term morbidity mean?

(mor-BIH-dih-tee) Refers to having a disease or a symptom of disease, or to the amount of disease within a population. Morbidity also refers to medical problems caused by a treatment.

What is the fundamental social causes perspective?

Link developed the theory of fundamental causes. This theory seeks to outline why the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health disparities has persisted over time, particularly when diseases and conditions previously thought to cause morbidity and mortality among low SES individuals have resolved.

What do you mean by social stratification?

Social stratification refers to a ranking of people or groups of people within a society. The existence of a system of social stratification also implies some form of legitimation of the ranking of people and the unequal distribution of valued goods, services, and prestige.